Clear answers to the questions on your mind.

First, we ensure that rights such as code, trademarks, and designs vest in the company rather than in the founders and employees. We establish the chain of assignment and confidentiality through contracts and, where appropriate, consider protection routes such as trademark and design registration.

Foreign nationals who acquire real estate above a certain value and undertake to hold it for a minimum period may apply for exceptional citizenship. The process requires the property's valuation and acquisition procedures to be conducted together with the citizenship application. We manage both aspects from a single point of contact.

Annotations, mortgages and attachments on the title-deed record; the zoning status; the occupancy permit (building use permit); and, where applicable, the condominium ownership status must all be examined. A purchase made without this “due diligence” can give rise to serious surprises. We carry out all legal checks before transfer and thereby safeguard your investment.

Non-compliance with the convocation procedure, the agenda, the quorum requirements, or the law may cause the resolutions adopted to be challenged in court with a request for their annulment. The risk of annulment results in a loss of both time and reputation. By structuring the process in a legally compliant manner from the outset, we minimise this risk.

At the earliest possible stage. When matters such as the type of incorporation, founder shares, and the transfer of intellectual property to the company are structured correctly from the outset, later funding rounds and scaling proceed far more smoothly. Correcting missteps taken early on is more costly afterward.

Presenting your products or activities as “greener” than they actually are gives rise to both legal sanctions and serious reputational risk, and EU regulations scrutinise such claims ever more strictly. We place your sustainability communications on a demonstrable and legally compliant footing.

An arbitral award is binding on the parties and, as a rule, is not subject to review on the merits. The award may be challenged only on the limited grounds for setting aside provided for in the law.

Yes. For content that is untrue and infringes your personal rights, you can request that access be blocked and the content removed, and you can also file an action for damages. Speed is critical in this process; we act quickly to contain the content before it spreads.

Tasks that are repetitive, can be reduced to rules, and have defined inputs are the most suitable for automation: routine document generation, approval and signature workflows, compliance checklists, and the like. Steps that require interpretation and strategy remain under the lawyer's control.

In mergers and acquisitions that bring about a change of control, approval is required if the parties' turnovers exceed the thresholds set out in the Communiqué. Completing a transaction that is subject to approval without obtaining it gives rise to invalidity and penalties. We assess your transaction at an early stage and carry out the necessary notification.

Ready-made templates can be a starting point, but every commercial relationship has its own risks, parties and expectations. Generic texts taken from the internet often do not fully comply with Turkish law or contain unbalanced provisions to your disadvantage. We tailor the contract to your specific needs and to the relevant legislation.

Ready-made templates found online do not reflect your commercial reality, your sector, or the allocation of risk, and are frequently inconsistent with current legislation. Although they may appear to save money in the short term, they can lead to far more costly outcomes in a dispute. A text drafted for your specific needs is the safest route.

In a share transfer, the company's shares change hands and the buyer acquires the company together with all of its rights and obligations. In an asset transfer, by contrast, only selected assets and liabilities are transferred; this method may be preferred in order to avoid unwanted liabilities. Which one is appropriate is determined jointly, in line with the commercial and tax objectives of the transaction.

In a share deal the company changes hands with all of its rights and liabilities, whereas in an asset deal only the selected assets and obligations are transferred. The choice produces different outcomes in terms of tax, liability, contract assignment, and permit requirements. We determine the structure best suited to your transaction together.

A holding structure makes it easier to manage several companies under a single roof, to organise ownership relationships, and to segregate risk among the companies. It can also streamline decision-making and financing processes at the group level. However, because each structure has its own legal and tax consequences, the arrangement must be designed to fit the company.

While the scope is shaped by the transaction, it typically covers the company's incorporation and shareholding structure, contracts, ongoing and potential litigation, intellectual property rights, and regulatory compliance. Where necessary, employment law, data protection, and administrative permits are also added to the review. The priority areas are determined jointly according to the nature of the transaction.

In enforcement proceedings not based on a judgment, the debtor's objection halts the proceedings; in that case, legal remedies are pursued to have the objection removed or annulled. The strength of the document in your hands determines the pace of the process. When an objection is filed, we choose the most suitable route and get the proceedings moving again.

Yes. A full remedy (compensation) action can be filed for the losses you have suffered due to the administration's unlawful acts or actions. The causal link between the loss and the administrative act, and the scope of the loss, are decisive. We assess your matter and carry out the process necessary to obtain compensation for the loss you have suffered.

As a rule, an action for annulment against administrative acts must be filed within a short peremptory time limit running from the date the act is served. If this time limit is missed, the right to sue lapses even if the act is unlawful. We assess the act without losing time and initiate the litigation process while managing the time-limit risk.

Yes. Decisions to exclude a bidder from a tender and debarment decisions can be made the subject of an objection and an action for annulment if they are contrary to law or procedure. Because debarment directly affects your commercial activity, speed is critical. We review the decision and strategically assess both the administrative objection and the judicial route.

Judgment-based enforcement rests on a court decision or a document that qualifies as a judgment. Non-judgment-based enforcement, by contrast, can be initiated without such a document; however, the debtor's objection can halt the proceedings. We determine the most suitable route according to the nature of your receivable.

Zoning plans and administrative acts, if unlawful, can be made the subject of an annulment action before the administrative court; applications for a plan amendment are also possible. We analyse your zoning status and strategically evaluate the administrative and judicial routes for bringing your project to life.

No; the purpose of due diligence is not to block the transaction but to enable the party to make an informed decision. Many of the identified risks can be managed through price adjustments, additional representations, or closing conditions. The report helps the transaction take on a safer and more balanced structure.

The right to be forgotten gives a person the ability to request that content about their past that has become outdated and is no longer of public benefit be removed from search results. The merits of the request are assessed according to the balance between the nature of the content and the public interest. We handle the application and the necessary legal proceedings.