Clear answers to the questions on your mind.

We begin with a formal demand notice and, where necessary, proceed through enforcement proceedings, litigation, or mediation. For cross-border receivables, we also handle the recognition and enforcement in Türkiye of foreign court/arbitral decisions.

The parties may choose the law governing the transaction agreement; however, the corporate, competition, and employment law rules of the country where the target company is located are often mandatory. In Turkish–German transactions, we secure the structure by taking both systems into account.

The parties may freely determine the applicable law and the competent court or place of arbitration in the contract. This choice fundamentally affects the outcome of a dispute; in Turkish–German transactions, we take both legal systems into account to build the most secure structure in your favour.

A force majeure clause determines what the parties' obligations will be in unforeseeable events such as an epidemic, war, or natural disaster. A well-drafted clause protects the parties from uncertainty and prolonged disputes in a moment of crisis. We structure this provision according to the risks specific to your sector.

The right of termination depends on the termination provisions in the contract, the existence of just cause, and the type of contract. A termination that is not carried out in proper form may create a risk of damages. Before termination, we assess the legal footing and, with correct notice and process, reduce the risk to a minimum.

Liability limits, the insurance obligation, delivery conditions, penalties for delay, the applicable law and the competent court are the critical clauses of a carriage contract. Standard pre-printed contracts are often in the carrier's favour. We review and negotiate the contract in a way that protects your position.

In insurance compensation claims, the limitation period varies according to the type of insurance, and missing it leads to the loss of your rights. When the period starts to run is also a critical legal assessment. We review your file without delay and safeguard your claim by managing the limitation risk.

We advise on the drafting and negotiation of commercial contracts, transactions between companies, distributorship and supply relationships, the collection of receivables, and the resolution of commercial disputes. The goal is to bring your commercial objectives to life in a legally enforceable and de-risked manner.

Depending on the nature of the receivable, negotiable-instrument enforcement based on a promissory note or cheque, enforcement without a judgment, or the litigation route is chosen. If you hold a strong document, negotiable-instrument enforcement produces results much faster. We assess your file and initiate the proceedings by identifying the route that will secure collection in the shortest time.

In Türkiye, mediation is a precondition to filing suit in many commercial cases. If confidentiality and speed are important, mediation or arbitration may be more suitable; if a precedent-setting decision is needed, litigation may be more appropriate. We determine the most strategic path together, according to the nature of the matter.

Taxpayers that transact with related parties must document those transactions in accordance with the arm's length principle. Incomplete documentation creates the risk of a penalised assessment. We prepare a transfer pricing policy and documentation set suited to your intra-group transactions.

Yes. As a rule, foreign nationals need a work permit in order to work legally in Türkiye, and the application is made through the employer. The work permit also serves in place of a residence permit. Working without a permit creates the risk of an administrative fine and deportation for both the employee and the employer.

Foreign natural or legal persons may establish a company under the same conditions as Turkish citizens. Incorporating a joint-stock or limited liability company involves drafting the articles of association, subscribing capital, registering with the trade registry, and completing tax registration. We run the process end to end and structure the shareholding arrangement according to your objectives.

Yes. Due to their own legal risks, German clients may cease working with non-compliant suppliers or reduce their orders. Compliance is not merely an obligation; it safeguards your commercial relationship and competitiveness in the DACH market.

The timeline and cost depend on the size of the company, the complexity of the supply chain, and the existing structure. A focused risk analysis and a core set of documents can be put in place in a short time. With a prioritised roadmap, we address the most critical risks in the most economical way.

The obligation to register with VERBİS (the Turkish data controllers' registry) depends on criteria such as the number of employees, the annual financial balance sheet, and the nature of the activity. Some data controllers fall within an exemption. We assess your situation, carry out the process where registration is required, and, where it is not, document that fact.

Yes. Settlement, a correction application and a lawsuit before the tax court are available against assessments and tax penalties. Each route has different time limits and strategic outcomes. We assess your file and run the process by identifying the route that offers the highest chance of success.

A tax audit is a technical process whose risk can be minimised when it is managed correctly. Presenting the requested documents accurately and consistently, the responses given to the audit minutes and, where necessary, the settlement route are decisive. We manage the process from the outset and reduce any potential assessment and penalty to a minimum.

Tax planning means optimising the tax burden by lawfully using the exemptions, deductions and structures recognised by the legislation, and it is entirely legal. Tax evasion, on the other hand, consists of unlawful acts such as concealing income and is subject to severe sanctions. We carry out only lawful and defensible planning.

In the event of a breach, notification must be made to the Personal Data Protection Board and to the affected data subjects as soon as possible. What is decisive is a prepared response, not panic. We prepare a breach response plan in advance and, when a breach occurs, manage the notification and defence processes to minimise any potential fine.

Transferring data abroad is possible provided the conditions set out by the KVKK (Türkiye's Personal Data Protection Law) — adequate protection, a written undertaking, or other mechanisms — are met. For intra-group transfers, we establish the appropriate legal basis and contractual safeguards and bring the transfer into compliance with the legislation.

The applicable law and the competent forum directly affect the outcome of a dispute. Turkish law, the counterparty's law, or a neutral third law may be chosen; by assessing the consequences of each option in terms of proof, enforcement, and predictability, we recommend the most secure structure in your favour.

In corporate staff mobility, work permits, the company's compliance with capital and employment criteria, and the staff's residence status are planned together. We establish a collective and sustainable permit strategy for your company and run the processes in line with your business schedule.

As a rule, Türkiye grants foreign investors the same rights as domestic investors. Only in a limited number of strategic sectors (for example, certain media, aviation and defence areas) are there special restrictions or permit requirements. We assess in advance the constraints specific to your target sector.